Covering roughly the 11th–15th centuries, the High & Late Middle Ages era treats political consolidation, religious conflict, urban and commercial growth, and the expansion of empires. Series include "1066" (political turmoil and the Norman Conquest), "Amsterdam" (the city's development from a 13th‑century fishing village to a major financial centre), "Cathars and the Albigensian Crusade" (heresy and crusade in Languedoc), "Genghis Khan" (Temüjin’s rise and the Mongol Empire), and "Henry IV" (usurpation and contested kingship). Episodes cover Harun al‑Rashid and Baghdad, the Princes in the Tower, Macbeth’s historical basis, Anglo‑French truces and Exeter 1067. Discussed figures and works include Innocent III, Henry IV, Vlad the Impaler, Ibn al‑Haytham, The War on Heresy and Worlds of Arthur.